EclipseLink/Examples/JPA/OutsideContainer

Users may also use the EntityManager API outside the container, either through configuring a persistence.xml, or by creating a EntityManagerFactory for a given persistence unit name and properties map (includes database information etc.)

EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(persistenceUnitName, propertiesMap);
EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();

JavaSE Configuration using persistence.xml

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence persistence_1_0.xsd"
        version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="my-app" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <provider>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider</provider>
    <exclude-unlisted-classes>false</exclude-unlisted-classes>
    <properties>
      <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"/>
      <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl"/>
      <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="scott"/>
      <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="tiger"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Note, "javax.persistence.jdbc" is used in JPA 2.0, as of EclipseLink 1.2, previously "eclipselink.jdbc" must be used.

Now the EntityManagerFactory can be instantiated using:

Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("my-app");

JavaSE Configuration using Property Map

When a simple persistence unit configuration is defined which relies on container deployment:

<persistence-unit name="employee" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <non-jta-data-source>jdbc/MyDS</non-jta-data-source>
</persistence-unit>

In order to test this persistence unit outside of the container the JavaSE bootstrapping API must be used. the following code can be used to customize the configuration:

import static org.eclipse.persistence.config.PersistenceUnitProperties.*;
 
    ...
 
    Map properties = new HashMap();
 
    // Ensure RESOURCE_LOCAL transactions is used.
    properties.put(TRANSACTION_TYPE,
        PersistenceUnitTransactionType.RESOURCE_LOCAL.name());
 
    // Configure the internal EclipseLink connection pool
    properties.put(JDBC_DRIVER, "oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver");
    properties.put(JDBC_URL, "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORCL");
    properties.put(JDBC_USER, "scott");
    properties.put(JDBC_PASSWORD, "tiger");
 
    // Configure logging. FINE ensures all SQL is shown
    properties.put(LOGGING_LEVEL, "FINE");
    properties.put(LOGGING_TIMESTAMP, "false");
    properties.put(LOGGING_THREAD, "false");
    properties.put(LOGGING_SESSION, "false");
 
    // Ensure that no server-platform is configured
    properties.put(TARGET_SERVER, TargetServer.None);

Now the EntityManagerFactory can be instantiated for testing using:

Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(unitName, properties);

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For more information, see "Testing JPA Outside a Container" in the EclipseLink Solutions Guide.