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Difference between revisions of "Jetty/Feature/JNDI"

< Jetty‎ | Feature
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{{Jetty Feature  
 
{{Jetty Feature  
| introduction =  
+
|introduction=  
Jetty supports <code>java:comp/env</code> lookups in webapps. This is an optional feature and you need to do some setup. However, if you are using the [http://dist.codehaus.org/jetty Hightide] distribution of Jetty, this feature is already fully enabled, so you can skip any setup steps, and just read the section on how to put objects into Jetty's JNDI so that you can retrieve them at runtime.
+
  
| body =
+
{{Jetty Redirect|http://www.eclipse.org/jetty/documentation/current/jndi.html}}
  
== Setup ==
+
Jetty supports <code>java:comp/env</code> lookups in web apps. This is an optional feature and you need to do some setup. However, if you are using the [http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/mortbay/jetty/jetty-hightide Hightide] distribution of Jetty, this feature is already fully enabled, so you can skip any setup steps, and just read the sections on how to put objects into Jetty's JNDI so that you can retrieve them at runtime.
  
=== Deployment-time Configuration ===
+
|body=
 +
==Enabling JNDI==
 +
 
 +
{{Note|Note:|Skip this step if you are using the [http://repo1.maven.org/maven1/org/mortbay/jetty/jetty-hightide Hightide] distribution of Jetty, because JNDI is automatically enabled.}}
 +
 
 +
=== Quick Setup ===
 +
 
 +
If you are using the standard distribution of jetty, and want to enable JNDI for all your webapps, then read this section. If you would like more information, see the Detailed Setup section.
 +
 
 +
Step1:
 +
Edit the $JETTY_HOME/start.ini file.
 +
 
 +
Step2:
 +
Modify the Server OPTIONS to include "plus", eg:
 +
<source lang="bash">
 +
OPTIONS=Server,jsp,jmx,resources,websocket,ext,plus
 +
</source>
 +
 
 +
Step3:
 +
Near the bottom of the file, in the section on Configuration files, add the following line after ''etc/jetty.xml'':
 +
 
 +
<source lang="bash">
 +
etc/jetty-plus.xml
 +
</source>
 +
 
 +
Step4:
 +
Save the file.
 +
 
 +
You can now start jetty and use JNDI with your webapps. See below for information on how to add entries to the JNDI environment that can be looked up within webapps.
 +
 
 +
=== Detailed Setup ===
 +
===== Setting up the list of Configurations =====
 +
When deploying a webapp, jetty has an extensible list of [http://download.eclipse.org/jetty/stable-7/apidocs/org/eclipse/jetty/webapp/Configuration.html Configurations] that are applied to the webapp in a specific order. These Configurations do things like parse web.xml, set up the classpath for the webapp, parse WEB-INF/jetty-web.xml.
 +
 
 +
To use JNDI with jetty, you need a couple of extra Configurations that do things like reading WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml, setting up a java:comp/env context, and hooking up JNDI entries from the environment into your web app. The listing below shows the 2 extra Configurations in the correct order they must be defined:
  
{{Note|Note: Skip this step if you are using the Hightide distribution of Jetty, because JNDI is automatically enabled.}}
 
You can enable JNDI either for a particular web app or you can enable it by default for all webapps. In either case, you need to re-define the list of configurations that can apply to a WebAppContext on deployment:
 
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<Array id="plusConfig" type="java.lang.String">
 
<Array id="plusConfig" type="java.lang.String">
Line 17: Line 48:
 
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.MetaInfConfiguration</Item>
 
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.MetaInfConfiguration</Item>
 
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration</Item>
 
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration</Item>
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration</Item> <!-- add -->
+
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration</Item> <!-- add for jndi -->
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.Configuration</Item>    <!-- add -->
+
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.PlusConfiguration</Item>    <!-- add for jndi -->
 
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.JettyWebXmlConfiguration</Item>
 
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.JettyWebXmlConfiguration</Item>
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.TagLibConfiguration</Item>
+
   <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.TagLibConfiguration</Item>  <!-- not needed for jetty-8 -->
 
</Array>
 
</Array>
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
To apply this list to a single webapp, create a context XML file that describes the setup of the particular webapp, and instruct it to apply these special configurations on deployment:
+
This augmented list of Configurations for JNDI is predefined for you in the <code>etc/jetty-plus.xml</code> file.
 +
 
 +
To have jetty use <code>etc/jetty-plus.xml</code> and therefore enable JNDI for all webapps, edit the <code>$JETTY_HOME/start.ini file</code>, and add the following line in the Configuration section near the bottom of the file:
 +
 
 +
<source lang="bash">
 +
etc/jetty-plus.xml
 +
</source>
 +
 
 +
Now skip down to the section on Adding JNDI Implementation Jars to the Jetty Classpath.
 +
 
 +
If you only want to use JNDI with specific web apps, then read on.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
===== Applying JNDI to a Single Web App =====
 +
 
 +
If you only have a few webapps that you want to use with JNDI, you can apply the augmented list of Configurations specifically to those webapps. To do that, create a context XML file for each web app, and set up the Configuration classes. Here's an example of how that would look:
 +
 
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
 
<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
Line 34: Line 81:
 
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration</Item>
 
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration</Item>
 
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration</Item> <!-- add for JNDI -->
 
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration</Item> <!-- add for JNDI -->
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.Configuration</Item>    <!-- add for JNDI -->
+
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.PlusConfiguration</Item>    <!-- add for JNDI -->
 
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.JettyWebXmlConfiguration</Item>
 
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.JettyWebXmlConfiguration</Item>
 
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.TagLibConfiguration</Item>
 
     <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.TagLibConfiguration</Item>
Line 40: Line 87:
  
 
   <Set name="war"><SystemProperty name="jetty.home" default="."/>/webapps/my-cool-webapp</Set>
 
   <Set name="war"><SystemProperty name="jetty.home" default="."/>/webapps/my-cool-webapp</Set>
   <Set name="configurationClasses"><Ref id="plusConfig"/></Set>
+
   <Set name="configurationClasses"><Ref refid="plusConfig"/></Set>
  
 
</Configure>
 
</Configure>
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
Alternatively, you can apply these configurations to every webapp that is deployed. To do so, edit the <code>$JETTY_HOME/etc/jetty.xml</code> file (or create a new new file and put it on the runline or put it in <code>start.ini</code>) to add:
+
Now you're ready for the next step, which is to put the JNDI jars onto jetty's classpath, described in Adding JNDI Implementation Jars to the Jetty Classpath.
  
<source lang="xml">
 
<Configure id="Server" class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server">
 
  
    <Call name="setAttribute">
+
===== Adding JNDI Implementation Jars to the Jetty Classpath =====
      <Arg>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.configuration</Arg>
+
      <Arg>
+
          <Array type="java.lang.String">
+
              <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebInfConfiguration</Item>
+
              <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebXmlConfiguration</Item>
+
              <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.MetaInfConfiguration</Item>
+
              <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration</Item>
+
              <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration</Item>
+
              <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.Configuration</Item>
+
              <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.JettyWebXmlConfiguration</Item>
+
              <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.TagLibConfiguration</Item>
+
          </Array>
+
      </Arg>
+
    </Call>
+
</Configure>
+
</source>
+
{{tip|Tip:|
+
This example includes the <code>etc/jetty-plus.xml</code> configuration file that configures a WebAppDeployer to deploy all webapps in the <code>webapps-plus</code> directory with JNDI. You can modify this file as desired, or merge it with your <code>etc/jetty.xml</code> file.}}
+
  
=== Classpath Jars ===
+
Now that you have the JNDI configuration for the web app(s) set up, you need to ensure that the JNDI implementation Jars are on Jetty's classpath. These jars are optional, so won't be there by default. You add these into the classpath by using startup time OPTIONS.
  
Now that you have the JNDI configuration for the webapp(s) set up, you need to ensure that the JNDI implementation jars are on Jetty's classpath. These jars are optional, so won't be there by default. You add these into the classpath by using startup time OPTIONS:
+
One way to do this is to supply it on the command line like so:
  
 
<source lang="bash">
 
<source lang="bash">
Line 78: Line 105:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
{{tip|Tip:|If you prefer, you can edit the <code>start.ini</code> file and add "plus" to the default OPTIONS to lessen the verbosity of the runline.}}
+
Another, and more permanent, way of doing this is to edit the <code>$JETTY_HOME/start.ini</code> file and modify the OPTIONS section to include "plus":
You can now configure naming resources to reference in a web.xml file and access from within the <code>java:comp/env</code> naming environment of the webapp during execution. Specifically, you can configure support for the following web.xml elements:
+
 
 +
 
 +
<source lang="bash">
 +
OPTIONS=Server,jsp,jmx,resources,websocket,ext,plus
 +
</source>
 +
 
 +
=== Example Webapps ===
 +
 
 +
The [http://repo1.maven.org/maven1/org/mortbay/jetty/jetty-hightide Hightide] distribution of jetty contains an example webapp to show you how to setup and access JNDI. When running the unmodified hightide distribution, it is available at http://localhost:8080/test-jndi/
 +
 
 +
The source for this webapp can be found on jetty @ codehaus:
 +
 
 +
jetty-7: http://git.codehaus.org/gitweb.cgi?p=jetty-project.git;a=tree;f=test-wars/test-jndi-webapp;h=52f283b8dbc3c9e86a4575e80c06a9cbea9816df;hb=refs/heads/master
 +
 
 +
jetty-8: http://git.codehaus.org/gitweb.cgi?p=jetty-project.git;a=tree;f=test-wars/test-jndi-webapp;h=be7ff6136bfdbc348f3072e3bb0af8ed79b05ac0;hb=refs/heads/jetty-8
 +
 
 +
 
 +
== Using JNDI ==
 +
You can now configure naming resources to reference in a <code>web.xml</code> file and access from within the <code>java:comp/env</code> naming environment of the web app during execution. Specifically, you can configure support for the following <code>web.xml</code> elements:
  
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
Line 87: Line 132:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
[[#Configuring env-entrys]] shows you how to set up overrides for <code><env-entry></code> elements in web.xml. [[#Configuring resource-refs and resource-env-refs]] discusses how to configure support resources such as <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code>.
+
[[#Configuring env-entries|Configuring env-entries]] shows you how to set up overrides for <code><env-entry></code> elements in <code>web.xml</code>. [[#Configuring resource-refs and resource-env-refs|Configuring resource-refs and resource-env-refs]] discusses how to configure support resources such as <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code>.
  
You can also plug a JTA <code>javax.transaction.UserTransaction</code> implementation into Jetty so that webapps can lookup <code>java:comp/UserTransaction</code> to obtain a distributed transaction manager. See [[#Configuring XA Transactions]].
+
You can also plug a JTA <code>javax.transaction.UserTransaction</code> implementation into Jetty so that web apps can lookup <code>java:comp/UserTransaction</code> to obtain a distributed transaction manager. See [[#Configuring XA Transactions|Configuring XA Transactions]].
  
You can define your naming resources with 3 scopes:
+
You can define your naming resources with three scopes:
  
# jvm scope–the name is unique within the jvm
+
# jvm scope–the name is unique within the JVM.
# server scope–the name is unique to the Server instance
+
# server scope–the name is unique to the Server instance.
# webapp scope–the name is unique to the WebAppContext instance
+
# webapp scope–the name is unique to the WebAppContext instance.
  
The section [[#Global or scoped to a webapp]] explains ''scoping'', and shows you how to use it. Essentially, scoping ensures that JNDI bindings from one webapp do not interfere with the JNDI bindings of another–unless of course you want them to.
+
The section [[#Setting JNDI Entries as Global or Scoped|Setting JNDI Entries as Global or Scoped to a web app]] explains ''scoping'', and shows you how to use it. Essentially, scoping ensures that JNDI bindings from one web app do not interfere with the JNDI bindings of another–unless of course you want them to.
  
  
=== What Can Be Bound and General Overview ===
+
=== Binding Objects into Jetty JNDI ===
  
 
You can bind four types of object into Jetty JNDI:
 
You can bind four types of object into Jetty JNDI:
  
* An ordinary POJO instance
+
* An ordinary POJO instance.
* A [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/naming/Reference.html java.naming.Reference] instance
+
* A [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/naming/Reference.html java.naming.Reference] instance.
* An object instance that implements the [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/naming/Referenceable.html java.naming.Referenceable] interface
+
* An object instance that implements the [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/naming/Referenceable.html java.naming.Referenceable] interface.
* A linkage between a name as referenced in web.xml and as referenced in the environment
+
* A link between a name as referenced in <code>web.xml</code> and as referenced in the environment.
  
 
The binding for all of these object types follows the same pattern:
 
The binding for all of these object types follows the same pattern:
Line 118: Line 163:
 
</New>
 
</New>
 
</source>
 
</source>
 +
 +
==== Defining Naming Entries ====
  
 
The <code>type of naming entry</code> can be:
 
The <code>type of naming entry</code> can be:
  
* <code>"org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry"</code> for <env-entry>s
+
* <code>"org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry"</code> for <env-entry>s.
* <code>"org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource"</code> for all other type of resources
+
* <code>"org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource"</code> for all other type of resources.
* <code>"org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction"</code> for a JTA manager. We'll take a closer look at this in the [[#Configuring XA Transactions]] section.
+
* <code>"org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction"</code> for a JTA manager. For detailed information, see the [[#Configuring XA Transactions|Configuring XA Transactions]] section.
* <code>"org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link"</code> for link between a web.xml resource name and a NamingEntry. See Configuring Links section for more info.
+
* <code>"org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link"</code> for link between a <code>web.xml</code> resource name and a NamingEntry. For more information, see the [[#Configuring Links|Configuring Links]] section.
  
 
You can define naming entries in three places:
 
You can define naming entries in three places:
Line 132: Line 179:
 
# context xml file
 
# context xml file
  
Naming entries defined in a <code>jetty.xml</code> file are scoped at either the jvm level or the Server level. Naming entries in a <code>jetty-env.xml</code> file are scoped to the webapp in which the file resides. While you can enter jvm or Server scopes if you choose, we do not recommend doing so. In most cases you define all naming entries that you want visible to a particular Server instance, or to the jvm as a whole in a jetty.xml file. Entries in a context xml file are scoped at the level of the webapp to which they apply, although once again, you can supply a less strict scoping level of Server or JVM if you choose.
+
Naming entries defined in a <code>jetty.xml</code> file are scoped at either the JVM level or the Server level. Naming entries in a <code>jetty-env.xml</code> file are scoped to the web app in which the file resides. While you can enter JVM or Server scopes if you choose, we do not recommend doing so. In most cases you define all naming entries that you want visible to a particular Server instance, or to the JVM as a whole in a <code>jetty.xml</code> file. Entries in a context xml file are scoped at the level of the web app to which they apply, although once again, you can supply a less strict scoping level of Server or JVM if you choose.
 +
 
 +
==== Configuring env-entries ====
  
=== Configuring env-entrys ===
+
Sometimes it is useful to pass configuration information to a web app at runtime that you either cannot or cannot conveniently code into a <code>web.xml</code> <code><env-entry></code>. In such cases, you can use <code>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry</code>, and even override an entry of the same name in <code>web.xml</code>.
Sometimes it is useful to pass configuration information to a webapp at runtime that you either cannot or cannot conveniently code into a web.xml <code><env-entry></code>. In such cases, you can use <code>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.naming.EnvEntry</code>, and even override an entry of the same name in web.xml.
+
  
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
Line 146: Line 194:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
This example defines a virtual <code><env-entry></code> called <code>mySpecialValue</code> with value <code>4000</code> that is unique within the whole jvm. It is put into JNDI at <code>java:comp/env/mySpecialValue</code> for _every_ webapp deployed. Moreover, the boolean argument indicates that this value overrides an <code>env-entry</code> of the same name in web.xml. If you don't want to override, then omit this argument, or set it to <code>false</code>.
+
This example defines a virtual <code> env-entry </code> called <code>mySpecialValue</code> with value <code>4000</code> that is unique within the whole JVM. It is put into JNDI at <code>java:comp/env/mySpecialValue</code> for _every_ web app deployed. Moreover, the boolean argument indicates that this value overrides an <code>env-entry</code> of the same name in <code>web.xml</code>. If you don't want to override, then omit this argument, or set it to <code>false</code>.
  
See [[#Global or scoped to a webapp]] for more information on other scopes.
+
See [[#Setting JNDI Entries as Global or Scoped|Setting JNDI Entries as Global or Scoped]] for information on other scopes.
  
The Servlet Specification allows only the following types of object to be bound to an <code>env-entry</code>:
+
The Servlet Specification allows binding only the following object types to an <code>env-entry</code>:
  
 
* java.lang.String
 
* java.lang.String
Line 162: Line 210:
 
* java.lang.Boolean
 
* java.lang.Boolean
  
However, Jetty is a little more flexible and also allows you to bind custom POJOs, [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/naming/Reference.html javax.naming.Reference's] and [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/naming/Referenceable.html javax.naming.Referenceable's]. Be aware that if you take advantage of this feature, your web application is *not portable*.
+
However, Jetty is a little more flexible and allows you to also bind custom POJOs, [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/naming/Reference.html javax.naming.References] and [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/naming/Referenceable.html javax.naming.Referenceables]. Be aware that if you take advantage of this feature, your web application is *not portable*.
  
To use the <code>EnvEntry</code> configured above, use code in your servlet/filter/etc, such as:
+
To use the <code>env-entry</code> configured above, use code in your servlet/filter/etc., such as:
  
 
<source lang="java">
 
<source lang="java">
Line 173: Line 221:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
=== Configuring resource-refs and resource-env-refs ===
+
==== Configuring resource-refs and resource-env-refs ====
  
You can configure any type of resource that you want to refer to in a web.xml file as a <code><resource-ref></code> or <code><resource-env-ref></code>, using the <code>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource</code> type of naming entry. You provide the scope, the name of the object (relative to <code>java:comp/env</code>) and a POJO instance or a  javax.naming.Reference instance or javax.naming.Referenceable instance.
+
You can configure any type of resource that you want to refer to in a <code>web.xml</code> file as a <code><resource-ref></code> or <code><resource-env-ref></code>, using the <code>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource</code> type of naming entry. You provide the scope, the name of the object (relative to <code>java:comp/env</code>) and a POJO instance or a  <code>javax.naming.Reference</code> instance or <code>javax.naming.Referenceable</code> instance.
  
 
The [http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/pr/jsr244/index.html J2EE Specification] recommends that DataSources be stored in <code>java:comp/env/jdbc</code>, JMS connection factories under <code>java:comp/env/jms</code>, JavaMail connection factories under <code>java:comp/env/mail</code> and URL connection factories under <code>java:comp/env/url</code>. For example:
 
The [http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/pr/jsr244/index.html J2EE Specification] recommends that DataSources be stored in <code>java:comp/env/jdbc</code>, JMS connection factories under <code>java:comp/env/jms</code>, JavaMail connection factories under <code>java:comp/env/mail</code> and URL connection factories under <code>java:comp/env/url</code>. For example:
  
 
<table>
 
<table>
<tr><td>Resource Type</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>Name in jetty.xml</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>Environment Lookup</td></tr>
+
<tr><td>Resource Type</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>Name in <code>jetty.xml</code></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>Environment Lookup</td></tr>
 
<tr><td>javax.sql.DataSource</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>jdbc/myDB</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>java:comp/env/jdbc/myDB</td></tr>
 
<tr><td>javax.sql.DataSource</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>jdbc/myDB</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>java:comp/env/jdbc/myDB</td></tr>
 
<tr><td>javax.jms.QueueConnectionFactory</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>jms/myQueue</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>java:comp/env/jms/myQueue</td></tr>
 
<tr><td>javax.jms.QueueConnectionFactory</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>jms/myQueue</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>java:comp/env/jms/myQueue</td></tr>
Line 186: Line 234:
 
</table>
 
</table>
  
=== Configuring DataSources ===
+
==== Configuring DataSources ====
  
Here is an example of configuring a javax.sql.DataSource. Jetty can use any DataSource implementation available on its classpath. In this example, the DataSource is from the [http://db.apache.org/derby Derby] relational database, but you can use any implementation of a <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code>. This example, configures it as scoped to a webapp with the id of 'wac':
+
Here is an example of configuring a <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code>. Jetty can use any DataSource implementation available on its classpath. In this example, the DataSource is from the [http://db.apache.org/derby Derby] relational database, but you can use any implementation of a <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code>. This example, configures it as scoped to a web app with the id of ''wac'':
  
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
Line 194: Line 242:
 
...
 
...
 
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
   <Arg><Ref id="wac"/></Arg>
+
   <Arg><Ref refid="wac"/></Arg>
 
   <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
 
   <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
 
   <Arg>
 
   <Arg>
Line 206: Line 254:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
The code above creates an instance of <code>org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDataSource</code>, calls the two setter methods <code>setDatabaseName("test");</code> and <code>setCreateDatabase("create");</code> and binds it into the JNDI scope for the webapp. If you have the appropriate <resource-ref> setup in your web.xml, then it is available from application lookups as <code>java:comp/env/jdbc/myds</code>.
+
The code above creates an instance of <code>org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDataSource</code>, calls the two setter methods <code>setDatabaseName("test");</code> and <code>setCreateDatabase("create");</code> and binds it into the JNDI scope for the web app. If you have the appropriate <code><resource-ref></code> setup in your <code>web.xml</code>, then it is available from application lookups as <code>java:comp/env/jdbc/myds</code>.
  
To lookup your DataSource in your servlet/filter/etc:
+
Here's an example web.xml declaration for the datasource above:
 +
 
 +
<source lang="xml">
 +
  <resource-ref>
 +
    <res-ref-name>jdbc/myds</res-ref-name>
 +
    <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
 +
    <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
 +
  </resource-ref>
 +
</source>
 +
 
 +
To lookup your DataSource in your servlet/filter/etc.:
  
 
<source lang="java">
 
<source lang="java">
Line 218: Line 276:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
{{note|Careful!|When configuring Resources, you need to ensure that the type of object you configure matches the type of object you expect to look up in <code>java:comp/env</code>. For database connection factories, this means that the object you register as a Resource *must* implement the <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> interface.}}
+
{{note|Careful!|When configuring Resources, ensure that the type of object you configure matches the type of object you expect to look up in <code>java:comp/env</code>. For database connection factories, this means that the object you register as a Resource *must* implement the <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> interface.}}
 
+
=== Configuring JMS Queues, Topics and ConnectionFactories ===
+
  
Jetty can bind any implementation of the JMS destinations and connection factories. You just need to ensure the implementation Jars are available on Jetty's classpath.
+
==== Configuring JMS Queues, Topics and ConnectionFactories ====
  
Here is an example of binding an [http://www.activemq.org ActiveMQ] in-JVM connection factory:
+
Jetty can bind any implementation of the JMS destinations and connection factories. You just need to ensure the implementation Jars are available on Jetty's classpath. Here is an example of binding an [http://activemq.apache.org/ ActiveMQ] in JVM connection factory:
  
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
Line 230: Line 286:
 
...
 
...
 
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
   <Arg><Ref id='wac'/></Arg>
+
   <Arg><Ref refid='wac'/></Arg>
 
   <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
 
   <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
 
   <Arg>
 
   <Arg>
Line 241: Line 297:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
For more information, see [http://www.activemq.org ActiveMQ] and Jetty [[Integrating with ActiveMQ]].
+
For more information, see [http://activemq.apache.org/ ActiveMQ] and Jetty [[Integrating with ActiveMQ]].
  
=== Configuring Mail ===
+
==== Configuring Mail ====
  
 
Jetty also provides infrastructure for access to javax.mail.Sessions from within an application:
 
Jetty also provides infrastructure for access to javax.mail.Sessions from within an application:
Line 251: Line 307:
 
...
 
...
 
<New id="mail" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 
<New id="mail" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
     <Arg><Ref id="wac"/></Arg>
+
     <Arg><Ref refid="wac"/></Arg>
 
     <Arg>mail/Session</Arg>
 
     <Arg>mail/Session</Arg>
 
     <Arg>
 
     <Arg>
Line 270: Line 326:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
The setup above creates an instance of the <code>org.eclipse.jetty.jndi.factories.MailSessionReference</code> class, calls its setter methods <code>setUser("fred");</code>, <code>setPassword("OBF:1xmk1w261z0f1w1c1xmq");</code> to set up the authentication for the mail system, and populates a set of Properties, setting them on the MailSessionReference instance. The result is that an application can lookup <code>java:comp/env/mail/Session</code> at runtime and obtain access to a <code>javax.mail.Session</code> that has the necessary configuration to permit it to send email via SMTP.
+
The setup above creates an instance of the <code>org.eclipse.jetty.jndi.factories.MailSessionReference</code> class, calls its setter methods <code>setUser("fred");</code>, <code>setPassword("OBF:1xmk1w261z0f1w1c1xmq");</code> to set up the authentication for the mail system, and populates a set of Properties, setting them on the MailSessionReference instance. The result is that an application can look up <code>java:comp/env/mail/Session</code> at runtime and obtain access to a <code>javax.mail.Session</code> that has the necessary configuration to permit it to send email via SMTP.
  
 
{tip}
 
{tip}
You can set the password to be plain text, or use Jetty's [[Jetty/Howto/Secure Passwords|password obfuscation]] mechanism to make the config file more secure from prying eyes. But you cannot use the other Jetty encryption mechanisms of MD5 and Crypt because the original password cannot be recovered, which is necessary for the mail system.
+
You can set the password to be plain text, or use Jetty's [[Jetty/Howto/Secure Passwords|password obfuscation]] mechanism to make the config file more secure from prying eyes. But you cannot use the other Jetty encryption mechanisms of MD5 and Crypt because then the original password cannot be recovered, which is necessary for the mail system.
 
{tip}
 
{tip}
  
We will be adding more examples of configuring database datasources (for example, using [http://xapool.experlog.com XAPool] and [http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/dbcp DBCP]) and jms connection factories, so check back. Contributions are also welcome.
+
==== Configuring XA Transactions ====
  
=== Configuring XA Transactions ===
+
If you want to perform distributed transactions with your resources, you need a ''transaction manager'' that supports the JTA interfaces that you can look up as <code>java:comp/UserTransaction</code> in your web app. Jetty does not ship with one as standard, but you can plug in the one you prefer. You can configure a transaction manager using the <code>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction</code> object in a Jetty config file. The following example configures the [http://www.atomikos.com Atomikos] transaction manager:
 
+
If you want to perform distributed transactions with your resources, you need a transaction manager that supports the JTA interfaces that you can look up as <code>java:comp/UserTransaction</code> in your webapp. Jetty does not ship with one, but you can plug in the one you prefer. You can configure a transaction manager using the <code>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction</code> object in a Jetty config file. The following example configures the [http://www.atomikos.com Atomikos] transaction manager:
+
  
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<New id="tx" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction">
 
<New id="tx" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction">
 
   <Arg>
 
   <Arg>
     <New class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.J2eeUserTransaction"/>
+
     <New class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp"/>
 
   </Arg>
 
   </Arg>
 
</New>
 
</New>
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
{{tip|Hint:|To use the Atomikos transaction manager, you need to download it and install it. Instructions [http://docs.codehaus.org/display/JETTY/Atomikos here] describe how to configure it for jetty6.}}
+
Alternatively, you can use the [http:repo1.maven.org/maven1/org/mortbay/jetty/jetty-hightide/ Hightide] distribution of jetty instead, which comes with the [http://www.atomikos.com Atomikos] transaction system pre-configured.
  
See also the instructions for how to configure [[JOTM]]. Contributions of instructions for other transaction managers are welcome.
 
  
=== Configuring Links ===
+
==== Configuring Links ====
  
The name you set for your NamingEntry should be the same name you use for it in web.xml. For example:
+
The name you set for your NamingEntry should be the same name you use for it in <code>web.xml</code>. For example:
  
<source lang="xml">
 
 
In a context xml file:
 
In a context xml file:
  
 +
<source lang="xml">
 
<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
 
<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
 
...
 
...
 
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
   <Arg><Ref id="wac"/></Arg>
+
   <Arg><Ref refid="wac"/></Arg>
 
   <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>
 
   <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>
 
   <Arg>
 
   <Arg>
Line 316: Line 369:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
and in web.xml:
+
and in <code>web.xml</code>:
  
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
Line 330: Line 383:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
You can refer to it in web.xml by a different name, and link it to the name in your org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource by using an org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link type of NamingEntry. For the example above, you can refer to the <code>jdbc/mydatasource</code> resource as <code>jdbc/mydatasource1</code> as follows:
+
You can refer to it in <code>web.xml</code> by a different name, and link it to the name in your <code>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource</code> by using an <code>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link</code> type of NamingEntry. For the example above, you can refer to the <code>jdbc/mydatasource</code> resource as <code>jdbc/mydatasource1</code> as follows:
  
 
In a context xml file:
 
In a context xml file:
Line 338: Line 391:
 
...
 
...
 
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
   <Arg><Ref id="wac"/></Arg>
+
   <Arg><Ref refid="wac"/></Arg>
 
   <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>
 
   <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>
 
   <Arg>
 
   <Arg>
Line 348: Line 401:
 
</New>
 
</New>
 
</Configure>
 
</Configure>
 +
</source>
  
 
+
in a <code>jetty-env.xml</code> file:
in a jetty-env.xml file:
+
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
 
   <New id="map1" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link">
 
   <New id="map1" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link">
     <Arg><Ref id='wac'/></Arg>
+
     <Arg><Ref refid='wac'/></Arg>
 
     <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource1</Arg> <!-- name in web.xml -->
 
     <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource1</Arg> <!-- name in web.xml -->
 
     <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>  <!-- name in container environment -->
 
     <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>  <!-- name in container environment -->
Line 359: Line 412:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
and in web.xml:
+
and in <code>web.xml</code>:
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
 
   <resource-ref>
 
   <resource-ref>
Line 372: Line 425:
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
This can be useful when you cannot change web.xml but need to link it to a resource in your deployment environment.
+
This can be useful when you cannot change <code>web.xml</code> but need to link it to a resource in your deployment environment.
 +
 
 +
==== Using JNDI without a web.xml ====
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Usually, you define your naming entries in a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file or a $JETTY_HOME/etc file (or programmatically) and then link them into your webapp's java:comp/env namespace via entries in WEB-INF/web.xml.
 +
 
 +
However, as WEB-INF/web.xml files are not required for a valid webapp, you can use some xml (or code) to do the linking. Here's how.
 +
 
 +
=====With WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file=====
 +
 
 +
If you have defined your naming entry in a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file, you can simply bind it into your webapp's java:comp/env namespace by adding a single line:
 +
 
 +
<source lang="xml">
 +
  <New  id="jdbc/myds"  class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 +
    <Arg></Arg>
 +
    <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
 +
    <Arg>
 +
      <New  class="com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlConnectionPoolDataSource">
 +
        <Set  name="Url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/chat</Set>
 +
        <Set  name="User">root</Set>
 +
        <Set  name="Password">sillyness</Set>
 +
      </New>
 +
    </Arg>
 +
    <Call name="bindToENC">
 +
        <Arg>jdbc/myfoo</Arg>  <!-- binds jdbc/myds to java:comp/env/jdbc/myfoo for this webapp -->
 +
    </Call>
 +
  </New>
 +
</source>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
=====With jetty xml file and WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file=====
 +
 
 +
If you have defined your naming entries in xml files in jetty's etc/ directory, you can bind them into your webapp's namespace by using a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file to do the linking.
 +
 
 +
Assume the following naming entry is in $JETTY_HOME/etc/jetty-myjndi.xml:
 +
 
 +
<source lang="xml">
 +
  <New  id="jdbc/myds"  class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 +
    <Arg></Arg>
 +
    <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
 +
    <Arg>
 +
      <New  class="com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlConnectionPoolDataSource">
 +
        <Set  name="Url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/chat</Set>
 +
        <Set  name="User">root</Set>
 +
        <Set  name="Password">sillyness</Set>
 +
      </New>
 +
    </Arg>
 +
  </New>
 +
</source>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Then you can link jdbc/myds into your webapp's namespace as java:comp/env/jdbc/myfoo by using a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file:
 +
 
 +
<source lang="xml">
 +
  <Call class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.NamingEntryUtil" name="bindToENC">
 +
      <Arg></Arg>    <!-- scope of naming entry, ie same as first argument to your naming entry definition, in this case, null -->
 +
      <Arg>jdbc/myfoo</Arg>
 +
      <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
 +
  </Call>
 +
</source>
 +
 
 +
Note that you *must* use a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file to call the "bindToENC" method and *not* a context xml file, as the latter is not interpreted at the correct phase of the webapp's deployment to have the java:comp/env namespace created.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
=== Setting JNDI Entries as Global or Scoped ===
  
=== Global or Scoped to a webapp ===
+
As previously stated, you can control the visibility of your JNDI naming entries within your JVM, Server and WebAppContext instances. Naming entries at the _jvm scope_ are visible by any application code, and are available to bind to <code>java:comp/env</code>. Naming entries at the _Server scope_ do not interfere with entries of the same name in a different Server instance, and are available to bind to <code>java:comp/env</code> of any web apps deployed to that Server instance. Finally, the most specific scope are entries at the _webapp scope_. An entry of this type is only available to bind to <code>java:comp/env</code> of the web app in which it is defined.
As previously stated, you can control the visibility of your JNDI naming entries within your jvm, Server and WebAppContext instances. Naming entries at the _jvm scope_ are visible by any application code, and are available to be bound to <code>java:comp/env</code>. Naming entries at the _Server scope_ do not interfere with entries of the same name in a different Server instance, and are available to be bound to java:comp/env of any webapps deployed to that Server instance. Finally, the most specific scope are entries at the _webapp scope_. These are only available to be bound to java:comp/env of the webapp in which it is defined.
+
  
The scope is controlled by the first parameter to the NamingEntry.
+
The first parameter to the NamingEntry controls the scope.
  
 
The jvm scope is represented by a null parameter:
 
The jvm scope is represented by a null parameter:
Line 397: Line 514:
 
...
 
...
 
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
   <Arg><Ref id="Server"/></Arg>
+
   <Arg><Ref refid="Server"/></Arg>
 
   <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
 
   <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
 
   <Arg>
 
   <Arg>
Line 413: Line 530:
 
...
 
...
 
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
 
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
   <Arg><Ref id='wac'/></Arg>
+
   <Arg><Ref refid='wac'/></Arg>
 
   <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
 
   <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
 
   <Arg>
 
   <Arg>
Line 425: Line 542:
  
 
As you can see, the most natural configuration files in which to declare naming entries of each scope are:
 
As you can see, the most natural configuration files in which to declare naming entries of each scope are:
* <code>etc/jetty.xml</code> - jvm or Server scope
+
* <code>etc/jetty.xml</code>–jvm or Server scope
* <code>WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml</code> or a context xml file - webapp scope
+
* <code>WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml</code> or a context xml file–webapp scope
 
+
 
+
== Demo Web Application ==
+
 
+
There is a demonstration webapp which sets up examples of all of the JNDI resources discussed so far.
+
 
+
To run this demonstration, you need to download the transaction manager of your choice and [http://db.apache.org/derby Derby]. At the time of writing, the webapp has been tested with both [http://jotm.objectweb.org JOTM] and with [http://www.atomikos.com Atomikos] transaction managers.
+
 
+
=== Building the Demo ===
+
 
+
The demo webapp is included with Jetty Hightide distribution. Alternatively, you can be build it from sources located in <code>examples/test-jndi-webapp</code>. A <code>README.txt</code> file there explains how to build it, and how to add support for different transaction managers.
+
 
+
* Run <code>mvn clean install</code> to build it.
+
* Edit <code>contexts/test-jndi.xml</code> and uncomment one of the transaction manager setups.
+
* Edit <code>contexts/test-jndi.d/WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml</code> and uncomment one of the transaction manager setups.
+
* Copy a <code>derby.jar</code> to the jetty <code>lib/</code> directory, and also copy all the necessary Jars for the flavor of transaction manager you are using. Instructions for some popular transaction managers are on the wiki at JNDI.
+
 
+
Run the demo:
+
 
+
<source lang="bash">
+
java -jar start.jar OPTIONS=plus
+
</source>
+
 
+
The URL for the demonstration is at:
+
 
+
<code>http://localhost:8080/test-jndi</code>
+
 
+
=== Adding Support for a Different Transaction Manager ===
+
 
+
# Edit the <code>src/etc/templates/filter.properties</code> file, and add a new set of token and replacement strings following the pattern established for ATOMIKOS and JOTM.
+
# Edit the <code>src/etc/templates/jetty-env.xml</code> file, and add configuration for new transaction manager following the pattern established for the other transaction managers.
+
# Edit the <code>src/etc/templates/jetty-test-jndi.xml</code> file, and add configuration for the new transaction manager following the pattern established for the other transaction managers.
+
| more =
+
For more information on setting up a JNDI datasource, see [[Jetty/Howto/Configure JNDI Datasource|How to Configure JNDI Datasource]] page.
+
 
+
For documentation on how to configure <tt>jetty-env.xml</tt>, consult the [[Jetty/Reference/jetty-env.xml|reference guide]].
+
 
}}
 
}}

Latest revision as of 09:08, 27 October 2014



Introduction

Warning2.png
Jetty 7 and Jetty 8 are now EOL (End of Life)




THIS IS NOT THE DOCUMENTATION YOU ARE LOOKING FOR!!!!!






All development and stable releases are being performed with Jetty 9 and Jetty 10.






This wiki is now officially out of date and all content has been moved to the Jetty Documentation Hub






Direct Link to updated documentation: http://www.eclipse.org/jetty/documentation/current/jndi.html


Jetty supports java:comp/env lookups in web apps. This is an optional feature and you need to do some setup. However, if you are using the Hightide distribution of Jetty, this feature is already fully enabled, so you can skip any setup steps, and just read the sections on how to put objects into Jetty's JNDI so that you can retrieve them at runtime.

Feature

Enabling JNDI

Note.png
Note:
Skip this step if you are using the Hightide distribution of Jetty, because JNDI is automatically enabled.


Quick Setup

If you are using the standard distribution of jetty, and want to enable JNDI for all your webapps, then read this section. If you would like more information, see the Detailed Setup section.

Step1: Edit the $JETTY_HOME/start.ini file.

Step2: Modify the Server OPTIONS to include "plus", eg:

OPTIONS=Server,jsp,jmx,resources,websocket,ext,plus

Step3: Near the bottom of the file, in the section on Configuration files, add the following line after etc/jetty.xml:

etc/jetty-plus.xml

Step4: Save the file.

You can now start jetty and use JNDI with your webapps. See below for information on how to add entries to the JNDI environment that can be looked up within webapps.

Detailed Setup

Setting up the list of Configurations

When deploying a webapp, jetty has an extensible list of Configurations that are applied to the webapp in a specific order. These Configurations do things like parse web.xml, set up the classpath for the webapp, parse WEB-INF/jetty-web.xml.

To use JNDI with jetty, you need a couple of extra Configurations that do things like reading WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml, setting up a java:comp/env context, and hooking up JNDI entries from the environment into your web app. The listing below shows the 2 extra Configurations in the correct order they must be defined:

<Array id="plusConfig" type="java.lang.String">
  <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebInfConfiguration</Item>
  <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebXmlConfiguration</Item>
  <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.MetaInfConfiguration</Item>
  <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration</Item>
  <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration</Item> <!-- add for jndi -->
  <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.PlusConfiguration</Item>    <!-- add for jndi -->
  <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.JettyWebXmlConfiguration</Item>
  <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.TagLibConfiguration</Item>  <!-- not needed for jetty-8 -->
</Array>

This augmented list of Configurations for JNDI is predefined for you in the etc/jetty-plus.xml file.

To have jetty use etc/jetty-plus.xml and therefore enable JNDI for all webapps, edit the $JETTY_HOME/start.ini file, and add the following line in the Configuration section near the bottom of the file:

etc/jetty-plus.xml

Now skip down to the section on Adding JNDI Implementation Jars to the Jetty Classpath.

If you only want to use JNDI with specific web apps, then read on.


Applying JNDI to a Single Web App

If you only have a few webapps that you want to use with JNDI, you can apply the augmented list of Configurations specifically to those webapps. To do that, create a context XML file for each web app, and set up the Configuration classes. Here's an example of how that would look:

<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
 
  <Array id="plusConfig" type="java.lang.String">
    <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebInfConfiguration</Item>
    <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebXmlConfiguration</Item>
    <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.MetaInfConfiguration</Item>
    <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration</Item>
    <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration</Item> <!-- add for JNDI -->
    <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.PlusConfiguration</Item>    <!-- add for JNDI -->
    <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.JettyWebXmlConfiguration</Item>
    <Item>org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.TagLibConfiguration</Item>
  </Array>
 
  <Set name="war"><SystemProperty name="jetty.home" default="."/>/webapps/my-cool-webapp</Set>
  <Set name="configurationClasses"><Ref refid="plusConfig"/></Set>
 
</Configure>

Now you're ready for the next step, which is to put the JNDI jars onto jetty's classpath, described in Adding JNDI Implementation Jars to the Jetty Classpath.


Adding JNDI Implementation Jars to the Jetty Classpath

Now that you have the JNDI configuration for the web app(s) set up, you need to ensure that the JNDI implementation Jars are on Jetty's classpath. These jars are optional, so won't be there by default. You add these into the classpath by using startup time OPTIONS.

One way to do this is to supply it on the command line like so:

java -jar start.jar OPTIONS=plus

Another, and more permanent, way of doing this is to edit the $JETTY_HOME/start.ini file and modify the OPTIONS section to include "plus":


OPTIONS=Server,jsp,jmx,resources,websocket,ext,plus

Example Webapps

The Hightide distribution of jetty contains an example webapp to show you how to setup and access JNDI. When running the unmodified hightide distribution, it is available at http://localhost:8080/test-jndi/

The source for this webapp can be found on jetty @ codehaus:

jetty-7: http://git.codehaus.org/gitweb.cgi?p=jetty-project.git;a=tree;f=test-wars/test-jndi-webapp;h=52f283b8dbc3c9e86a4575e80c06a9cbea9816df;hb=refs/heads/master

jetty-8: http://git.codehaus.org/gitweb.cgi?p=jetty-project.git;a=tree;f=test-wars/test-jndi-webapp;h=be7ff6136bfdbc348f3072e3bb0af8ed79b05ac0;hb=refs/heads/jetty-8


Using JNDI

You can now configure naming resources to reference in a web.xml file and access from within the java:comp/env naming environment of the web app during execution. Specifically, you can configure support for the following web.xml elements:

<env-entry/>
<resource-ref/>
<resource-env-ref/>

Configuring env-entries shows you how to set up overrides for <env-entry> elements in web.xml. Configuring resource-refs and resource-env-refs discusses how to configure support resources such as javax.sql.DataSource.

You can also plug a JTA javax.transaction.UserTransaction implementation into Jetty so that web apps can lookup java:comp/UserTransaction to obtain a distributed transaction manager. See Configuring XA Transactions.

You can define your naming resources with three scopes:

  1. jvm scope–the name is unique within the JVM.
  2. server scope–the name is unique to the Server instance.
  3. webapp scope–the name is unique to the WebAppContext instance.

The section Setting JNDI Entries as Global or Scoped to a web app explains scoping, and shows you how to use it. Essentially, scoping ensures that JNDI bindings from one web app do not interfere with the JNDI bindings of another–unless of course you want them to.


Binding Objects into Jetty JNDI

You can bind four types of object into Jetty JNDI:

The binding for all of these object types follows the same pattern:

<New class=type of naming entry>
  <Arg>scope</Arg>
  <Arg>name to bind as</Arg>
  <Arg>the object to bind</Arg>
</New>

Defining Naming Entries

The type of naming entry can be:

  • "org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry" for <env-entry>s.
  • "org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource" for all other type of resources.
  • "org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction" for a JTA manager. For detailed information, see the Configuring XA Transactions section.
  • "org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link" for link between a web.xml resource name and a NamingEntry. For more information, see the Configuring Links section.

You can define naming entries in three places:

  1. jetty.xml
  2. WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml
  3. context xml file

Naming entries defined in a jetty.xml file are scoped at either the JVM level or the Server level. Naming entries in a jetty-env.xml file are scoped to the web app in which the file resides. While you can enter JVM or Server scopes if you choose, we do not recommend doing so. In most cases you define all naming entries that you want visible to a particular Server instance, or to the JVM as a whole in a jetty.xml file. Entries in a context xml file are scoped at the level of the web app to which they apply, although once again, you can supply a less strict scoping level of Server or JVM if you choose.

Configuring env-entries

Sometimes it is useful to pass configuration information to a web app at runtime that you either cannot or cannot conveniently code into a web.xml <env-entry>. In such cases, you can use org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry, and even override an entry of the same name in web.xml.

<New class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry">
  <Arg></Arg>
  <Arg>mySpecialValue</Arg>
  <Arg type="java.lang.Integer">4000</Arg>
  <Arg type="boolean">true</Arg>
</New>

This example defines a virtual env-entry called mySpecialValue with value 4000 that is unique within the whole JVM. It is put into JNDI at java:comp/env/mySpecialValue for _every_ web app deployed. Moreover, the boolean argument indicates that this value overrides an env-entry of the same name in web.xml. If you don't want to override, then omit this argument, or set it to false.

See Setting JNDI Entries as Global or Scoped for information on other scopes.

The Servlet Specification allows binding only the following object types to an env-entry:

  • java.lang.String
  • java.lang.Integer
  • java.lang.Float
  • java.lang.Double
  • java.lang.Long
  • java.lang.Short
  • java.lang.Character
  • java.lang.Byte
  • java.lang.Boolean

However, Jetty is a little more flexible and allows you to also bind custom POJOs, javax.naming.References and javax.naming.Referenceables. Be aware that if you take advantage of this feature, your web application is *not portable*.

To use the env-entry configured above, use code in your servlet/filter/etc., such as:

import javax.naming.InitialContext;
 
InitialContext ic = new InitialContext();
Integer mySpecialValue = (Integer)ic.lookup("java:comp/env/mySpecialValue");

Configuring resource-refs and resource-env-refs

You can configure any type of resource that you want to refer to in a web.xml file as a <resource-ref> or <resource-env-ref>, using the org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource type of naming entry. You provide the scope, the name of the object (relative to java:comp/env) and a POJO instance or a javax.naming.Reference instance or javax.naming.Referenceable instance.

The J2EE Specification recommends that DataSources be stored in java:comp/env/jdbc, JMS connection factories under java:comp/env/jms, JavaMail connection factories under java:comp/env/mail and URL connection factories under java:comp/env/url. For example:

Resource Type Name in jetty.xml Environment Lookup
javax.sql.DataSource jdbc/myDB java:comp/env/jdbc/myDB
javax.jms.QueueConnectionFactory jms/myQueue java:comp/env/jms/myQueue
javax.mail.Session mail/myMailService java:comp/env/mail/myMailService

Configuring DataSources

Here is an example of configuring a javax.sql.DataSource. Jetty can use any DataSource implementation available on its classpath. In this example, the DataSource is from the Derby relational database, but you can use any implementation of a javax.sql.DataSource. This example, configures it as scoped to a web app with the id of wac:

<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
...
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
  <Arg><Ref refid="wac"/></Arg>
  <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
  <Arg>
    <New class="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDataSource">
      <Set name="DatabaseName">test</Set>
      <Set name="createDatabase">create</Set>
    </New>
  </Arg>
</New>
</Configure>

The code above creates an instance of org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDataSource, calls the two setter methods setDatabaseName("test"); and setCreateDatabase("create"); and binds it into the JNDI scope for the web app. If you have the appropriate <resource-ref> setup in your web.xml, then it is available from application lookups as java:comp/env/jdbc/myds.

Here's an example web.xml declaration for the datasource above:

  <resource-ref>
    <res-ref-name>jdbc/myds</res-ref-name>
    <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
    <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
  </resource-ref>

To lookup your DataSource in your servlet/filter/etc.:

import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
 
InitialContext ic = new InitialContext();
DataSource myDS = (DataSource)ic.lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/myds");
Note.png
Careful!
When configuring Resources, ensure that the type of object you configure matches the type of object you expect to look up in java:comp/env. For database connection factories, this means that the object you register as a Resource *must* implement the javax.sql.DataSource interface.


Configuring JMS Queues, Topics and ConnectionFactories

Jetty can bind any implementation of the JMS destinations and connection factories. You just need to ensure the implementation Jars are available on Jetty's classpath. Here is an example of binding an ActiveMQ in JVM connection factory:

<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
...
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
  <Arg><Ref refid='wac'/></Arg>
  <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
  <Arg>
    <New class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
       <Arg>vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false</Arg>
    </New>
  </Arg>
</New>
</Configure>

For more information, see ActiveMQ and Jetty Integrating with ActiveMQ.

Configuring Mail

Jetty also provides infrastructure for access to javax.mail.Sessions from within an application:

<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
...
<New id="mail" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
     <Arg><Ref refid="wac"/></Arg>
     <Arg>mail/Session</Arg>
     <Arg>
       <New class="org.eclipse.jetty.jndi.factories.MailSessionReference">
         <Set name="user">fred</Set>
         <Set name="password">OBF:1xmk1w261z0f1w1c1xmq</Set>
         <Set name="properties">
           <New class="java.util.Properties">
             <Put name="mail.smtp.host">XXX</Put>
             <Put name="mail.from">me@me</Put>
             <Put name="mail.debug">true</Put>
           </New>
          </Set>
       </New>
     </Arg>
</New>
</Configure>

The setup above creates an instance of the org.eclipse.jetty.jndi.factories.MailSessionReference class, calls its setter methods setUser("fred");, setPassword("OBF:1xmk1w261z0f1w1c1xmq"); to set up the authentication for the mail system, and populates a set of Properties, setting them on the MailSessionReference instance. The result is that an application can look up java:comp/env/mail/Session at runtime and obtain access to a javax.mail.Session that has the necessary configuration to permit it to send email via SMTP.

{tip} You can set the password to be plain text, or use Jetty's password obfuscation mechanism to make the config file more secure from prying eyes. But you cannot use the other Jetty encryption mechanisms of MD5 and Crypt because then the original password cannot be recovered, which is necessary for the mail system. {tip}

Configuring XA Transactions

If you want to perform distributed transactions with your resources, you need a transaction manager that supports the JTA interfaces that you can look up as java:comp/UserTransaction in your web app. Jetty does not ship with one as standard, but you can plug in the one you prefer. You can configure a transaction manager using the org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction object in a Jetty config file. The following example configures the Atomikos transaction manager:

<New id="tx" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction">
  <Arg>
    <New class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp"/>
  </Arg>
</New>

Alternatively, you can use the [http:repo1.maven.org/maven1/org/mortbay/jetty/jetty-hightide/ Hightide] distribution of jetty instead, which comes with the Atomikos transaction system pre-configured.


Configuring Links

The name you set for your NamingEntry should be the same name you use for it in web.xml. For example:

In a context xml file:

<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
...
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
  <Arg><Ref refid="wac"/></Arg>
  <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>
  <Arg>
    <New class="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDataSource">
      <Set name="DatabaseName">test</Set>
      <Set name="createDatabase">create</Set>
    </New>
  </Arg>
</New>
</Configure>

and in web.xml:

  <resource-ref>
    <res-ref-name>jdbc/mydatasource</res-ref-name>
    <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
    <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
    <injection-target>
      <injection-target-class>com.acme.JNDITest</injection-target-class>
      <injection-target-name>myDatasource</injection-target-name>
    </injection-target>
  </resource-ref>

You can refer to it in web.xml by a different name, and link it to the name in your org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource by using an org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link type of NamingEntry. For the example above, you can refer to the jdbc/mydatasource resource as jdbc/mydatasource1 as follows:

In a context xml file:

<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
...
<New id="myds" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
  <Arg><Ref refid="wac"/></Arg>
  <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>
  <Arg>
    <New class="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDataSource">
      <Set name="DatabaseName">test</Set>
      <Set name="createDatabase">create</Set>
    </New>
  </Arg>
</New>
</Configure>

in a jetty-env.xml file:

  <New id="map1" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Link">
    <Arg><Ref refid='wac'/></Arg>
    <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource1</Arg> <!-- name in web.xml -->
    <Arg>jdbc/mydatasource</Arg>  <!-- name in container environment -->
  </New>

and in web.xml:

  <resource-ref>
    <res-ref-name>jdbc/mydatasource1</res-ref-name>
    <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
    <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
    <injection-target>
      <injection-target-class>com.acme.JNDITest</injection-target-class>
      <injection-target-name>myDatasource</injection-target-name>
    </injection-target>
  </resource-ref>

This can be useful when you cannot change web.xml but need to link it to a resource in your deployment environment.

Using JNDI without a web.xml

Usually, you define your naming entries in a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file or a $JETTY_HOME/etc file (or programmatically) and then link them into your webapp's java:comp/env namespace via entries in WEB-INF/web.xml.

However, as WEB-INF/web.xml files are not required for a valid webapp, you can use some xml (or code) to do the linking. Here's how.

With WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file

If you have defined your naming entry in a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file, you can simply bind it into your webapp's java:comp/env namespace by adding a single line:

  <New  id="jdbc/myds"  class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
     <Arg></Arg>
     <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
     <Arg>
       <New  class="com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlConnectionPoolDataSource">
         <Set  name="Url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/chat</Set>
         <Set  name="User">root</Set>
         <Set  name="Password">sillyness</Set>
       </New>
     </Arg>
     <Call name="bindToENC">
        <Arg>jdbc/myfoo</Arg>  <!-- binds jdbc/myds to java:comp/env/jdbc/myfoo for this webapp -->
    </Call>
  </New>


With jetty xml file and WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file

If you have defined your naming entries in xml files in jetty's etc/ directory, you can bind them into your webapp's namespace by using a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file to do the linking.

Assume the following naming entry is in $JETTY_HOME/etc/jetty-myjndi.xml:

  <New  id="jdbc/myds"  class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
     <Arg></Arg>
     <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
     <Arg>
       <New  class="com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlConnectionPoolDataSource">
         <Set  name="Url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/chat</Set>
         <Set  name="User">root</Set>
         <Set  name="Password">sillyness</Set>
       </New>
     </Arg>
  </New>


Then you can link jdbc/myds into your webapp's namespace as java:comp/env/jdbc/myfoo by using a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file:

   <Call class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.NamingEntryUtil" name="bindToENC">
       <Arg></Arg>    <!-- scope of naming entry, ie same as first argument to your naming entry definition, in this case, null -->
       <Arg>jdbc/myfoo</Arg>
       <Arg>jdbc/myds</Arg>
   </Call>

Note that you *must* use a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file to call the "bindToENC" method and *not* a context xml file, as the latter is not interpreted at the correct phase of the webapp's deployment to have the java:comp/env namespace created.


Setting JNDI Entries as Global or Scoped

As previously stated, you can control the visibility of your JNDI naming entries within your JVM, Server and WebAppContext instances. Naming entries at the _jvm scope_ are visible by any application code, and are available to bind to java:comp/env. Naming entries at the _Server scope_ do not interfere with entries of the same name in a different Server instance, and are available to bind to java:comp/env of any web apps deployed to that Server instance. Finally, the most specific scope are entries at the _webapp scope_. An entry of this type is only available to bind to java:comp/env of the web app in which it is defined.

The first parameter to the NamingEntry controls the scope.

The jvm scope is represented by a null parameter:

<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
  <Arg></Arg>
  <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
  <Arg>
    <New class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
       <Arg>vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false</Arg>
    </New>
  </Arg>
</New>

The Server scope is represented by referencing the related Server object:

<Configure id="Server" class="org.eclipse.jetty.Server">
...
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
  <Arg><Ref refid="Server"/></Arg>
  <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
  <Arg>
    <New class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
       <Arg>vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false</Arg>
    </New>
  </Arg>
</New>
</Configure>

The webapp scope is represented by referencing the related WebAppContext object:

<Configure id='wac' class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
...
<New id="cf" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
  <Arg><Ref refid='wac'/></Arg>
  <Arg>jms/connectionFactory</Arg>
  <Arg>
    <New class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
       <Arg>vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false</Arg>
    </New>
  </Arg>
</New>
</Configure>

As you can see, the most natural configuration files in which to declare naming entries of each scope are:

  • etc/jetty.xml–jvm or Server scope
  • WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml or a context xml file–webapp scope

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